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San Carlos Eye Care offers dry macular degeneration treatment, including photobiomodulation (PBM) light therapy for appropriate patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This gentle, noninvasive treatment uses specific wavelengths of light to support retinal cell function. We provide Dry AMD evaluation and PBM treatment in San Carlos for patients throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.
Want to learn more about macular degeneration? Visit our Macular Degeneration Guide to learn about dry vs. wet AMD, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment options, and ways to protect your vision.
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a noninvasive light therapy that uses specific wavelengths of light to support cellular function. In dry AMD, PBM is designed to support the health and function of retinal cells, particularly in the macula responsible for detailed central vision.
PBM does not involve injections or surgery and is performed comfortably in our office.
Before beginning treatment, each patient receives a comprehensive retinal evaluation to determine the type and stage of macular degeneration and whether PBM is appropriate.
PBM treatment is designed to be simple and comfortable:
The PBM treatment protocol begins with a series of 9 sessions completed over approximately 3–5 weeks. For patients who remain appropriate candidates, the 9-session treatment course is typically repeated every 3–4 months for approximately 2 years, with ongoing retinal monitoring throughout treatment.

Retinal cells have high energy demands and rely heavily on mitochondria, the structures within cells responsible for producing energy. In dry AMD, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress may contribute to declining retinal cell health.
Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses selected wavelengths of yellow, red, and near-infrared light, with each wavelength interacting with tissue in different ways:
Together, these cellular effects may help retinal cells function more efficiently and support retinal health.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been studied as an approach for dry age-related macular degeneration. Randomized clinical trials using multiwavelength PBM systems have reported improvements in some measures of visual function and retinal anatomy in appropriately selected patients. Because published studies have used specific devices and treatment protocols, results may not apply directly to every PBM system. Research continues to evaluate treatment parameters, durability of effect, and long-term outcomes in dry AMD.
Research has evaluated PBM for:
• Visual acuity
• Contrast sensitivity
• Retinal anatomy and drusen
• Safety and tolerability
• Progression of dry AMD
The studies summarized above evaluated specific PBM devices and treatment protocols. Results from one PBM system should not be assumed to apply directly to another, and individual outcomes may vary.
Not every patient with macular degeneration is an appropriate candidate for PBM. At San Carlos Eye Care we evaluate your retinal health, stage of dry AMD, and advanced retinal imaging to determine whether PBM may be appropriate for you.
For patients who are appropriate candidates, PBM treatments are performed in our San Carlos office as a series of brief, noninvasive treatment sessions. The treatment schedule is based on protocols studied in clinical research and is incorporated into your ongoing macular degeneration care.
We provide dry AMD light therapy for patients from San Carlos, the San Francisco Peninsula, and surrounding Bay Area communities.
"The light therapy was very easy and relaxing. I almost fell asleep during the treatment!" -F.S.
"Living with dry macular degeneration can be worrying. I'm glad I learned about PBM light therapy. Everyone was knowledgeable, patient, and caring throughout my visits. I would highly recommend San Carlos Eye Care for their compassionate approach." -S.S.
"I recently completed my first block of PBM light therapy sessions at San Carlos Eye Care. Each session was quick and comfortable. I really appreciate the care and attention I received." -B.T.
Photobiomodulation (PBM) light therapy is being studied as a treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Clinical research has shown promising results in visual function and retinal health. However, individual results vary, and PBM is not a cure for AMD.
Some clinical studies have reported improvements in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity following PBM treatment. However, not every patient experiences improvement, and results depend on the stage of AMD and individual retinal health. Vision improvement cannot be guaranteed.
Clinical research has shown encouraging results suggesting that photobiomodulation (PBM) may help support retinal health and slow certain changes associated with dry macular degeneration. While additional long-term research is ongoing, PBM offers a promising approach for appropriate patients. Regular retinal monitoring remains an important part of protecting your vision.
No. PBM light therapy does not replace regular eye examinations, retinal imaging, or AREDS2 supplements when recommended by your eye doctor. Ongoing monitoring is important because dry AMD can progress, and some patients may develop wet AMD, which requires prompt evaluation and treatment.
PBM has not been proven to prevent dry AMD from progressing to wet AMD. Patients receiving PBM should continue regular retinal examinations and report sudden vision changes, new distortion, or dark spots promptly. Early detection of wet AMD is important because timely treatment may help preserve vision.
No. There is currently no cure for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, photobiomodulation (PBM) light therapy is a promising approach being studied for its potential to support retinal health, improve visual function, and slow certain changes associated with dry AMD.
While individual results vary and vision improvement cannot be guaranteed, PBM may offer an additional option for appropriate patients. Regular retinal monitoring remains essential to managing AMD and protecting your remaining vision.
Some patients with dry AMD may be candidates for PBM light therapy, depending on the stage of their condition and overall retinal health. At San Carlos Eye Care, we perform a comprehensive retinal evaluation, including advanced imaging, to determine whether treatment may be appropriate. Patients with wet AMD require evaluation and treatment by a retina specialist.
Our PBM light therapy program uses a treatment schedule based on the LIGHTSITE III clinical trial, consisting of 54 sessions over approximately two years.
Treatment begins with nine sessions over approximately three to five weeks, followed by additional nine-session courses about every four months, when appropriate.
The recommended schedule may vary depending on your retinal health, treatment response, and ongoing clinical evaluations. We monitor your eyes throughout the program to determine whether continued treatment remains appropriate.
Our team will explain the treatment plan, answer your questions, and guide you through each stage of your care.
PBM light therapy is a gentle, noninvasive treatment that is generally comfortable and well tolerated. There are no needles, injections, or surgery involved.
During treatment, you may notice bright colored lights or a warm glow. These visual sensations are expected and typically temporary. Most patients experience little to no discomfort.
Each session is brief and typically requires no downtime, so you can usually return to your normal activities afterward. Our team will guide you through each session to help you feel comfortable and informed.
Insurance coverage for PBM treatment varies by insurance plan and treatment circumstances. Coverage is not guaranteed, and patients may be responsible for out-of-pocket expenses. Our patient care team can explain the treatment costs and available payment arrangements before you begin.
Photobiomodulation (PBM) and microcurrent therapy are different approaches being studied for dry age-related macular degeneration. PBM uses specific wavelengths of light to stimulate cellular processes within the retina, including mitochondrial activity. Microcurrent therapy uses very low-level electrical stimulation rather than light. While both approaches are being investigated for retinal health, they work through different mechanisms and have different levels of clinical evidence and requlatory status.

Brea Larchick
Director of Patient Care
Brea helps coordinate our dry AMD light therapy program and assists patients and referring physicians with treatment scheduling, insurance questions, referrals, and what to expect throughout treatment.
Mon | 09:00 am – 05:00 pm | |
Tue | 09:00 am – 05:00 pm | |
Wed | 09:00 am – 05:00 pm | |
Thu | 09:00 am – 05:00 pm | |
Fri | 09:00 am – 05:00 pm | |
Sat | By Appointment | |
Sun | Closed |
2nd & 4th Saturdays available with Dr. Lee by appointment only
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Serving the San Francisco Bay Area and Silicon Valley — proudly caring for patients from San Carlos, Redwood City, Belmont, San Mateo, Palo Alto, Menlo Park, and nearby communities.
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